Sample case

A synthetic trade checked against synthetic firm policy. The people and the company are invented.

Case 10: Ordinary purchase

Ten Percent Owner buys $10,000 of stock

The control case: nothing here should raise an alert. A system that flags this flags everything.

Reasons for concern

The evidence raised no specific concern.

What could explain it

At $10,000, the trade is under the $5,000,000 single-trade limit for this role.
Filed 1 trading day after the trade, within the 2-day deadline.
No blackout window covers the trade date.

Answer key

Clear

Set when the scenario was designed. A rules-based reference investigation reaches it from the evidence.

AI investigator

ClearMatches the answer key

Recorded live run on 2026-11-01 using gpt-4o-2024-08-06 and gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18, costing $0.045.

What the safeguards reported

Claims check: 8 of 11 claims judged supported
Citations: 2 of 11 claims cite no evidence
Required checks: 6 of 6 run

A recorded run of the AI investigator

The conclusion and the claims below were written by the model. The checks beside them are code and a separate judging model.

What decides this case

The trade as filed

Filed on time

SCENARIO OWNER TEN, Ten Percent Owner of Acme Corp (ACME)

PPurchase500 shares × $20 = $10,000Jun 12, 2025

Filed: Jun 13, 2025 (Form 4), 1 trading day after the trade
Trading plan: 10b5-1 status: not established

View source result call_NjIjZI4y64D4apk5sPnnV1mR

get_transaction_details({"accession_number":"SCENARIO-0000000001-25-000010"})

{
  "accession_number": "SCENARIO-0000000001-25-000010",
  "issuer_cik": "0000320193",
  "issuer_name": "Acme Corp",
  "issuer_ticker": "ACME",
  "filing_date": "2025-06-13",
  "document_type": "4",
  "reported_under_10b5_1": "unknown",
  "filing_lag_trading_days": 1,
  "rptowner_cik": "9000000010",
  "rptowner_name": "SCENARIO OWNER TEN",
  "rptowner_relationship": "TenPercentOwner",
  "rptowner_title": "",
  "transactions": [
    {
      "nonderiv_trans_sk": 1,
      "trans_date": "2025-06-12",
      "trans_code": "P",
      "trans_shares": 500,
      "trans_priceper_share": 20,
      "trans_value": 10000,
      "trans_acquired_disp_cd": "A",
      "shrs_ownd_folwng_trans": null,
      "superseded": false,
      "superseded_by": null
    }
  ],
  "transaction_count": 1
}

What this role may trade

Within the limit

Largest trade: $10,000Single-trade limit: $5,000,000

Role: Ten Percent Owner (Major Shareholder)
Single-trade limit: $5,000,000
Rolling 90-day limit: $25,000,000
Blackout restrictions: Medium

View source result call_7qITUrq8kILqkhWLzAS26qlB

get_applicable_role_limits({"relationship":"TenPercentOwner"})

{
  "relationship": "TenPercentOwner",
  "authorization_level": "MajorShareholder",
  "single_trade_limit": 5000000,
  "rolling_90d_limit": 25000000,
  "blackout_restrictions": "Medium",
  "currency": "USD"
}

What this role may trade

Within the limit

Largest trade: $10,000Single-trade limit: $5,000,000

Role: Ten Percent Owner (Major Shareholder)
Single-trade limit: $5,000,000
Rolling 90-day limit: $25,000,000
Blackout restrictions: Medium

View source result call_ynqKA9Zhebf5LKDpBeZGs7Qg

get_applicable_role_limits({"relationship":"TenPercentOwner"})

{
  "relationship": "TenPercentOwner",
  "authorization_level": "MajorShareholder",
  "single_trade_limit": 5000000,
  "rolling_90d_limit": 25000000,
  "blackout_restrictions": "Medium",
  "currency": "USD"
}

Other evidence reviewed

Firm rules checked

R003Unusual Sale Pattern (Rapid Trading)Medium
R006High Volume Spike vs. Own BaselineMedium
R008Reported Rule 10b5-1 Plan (severity reducer)Low
R009Tax-Withholding Disposition (Code F, severity reducer)Low
R010Option Exercise (Code M, severity reducer)Low
R001Single Trade Limit ExceededHigh
R002Rolling 90-Day Volume ExceededHigh
R007Late Section 16(a) Filing (> 2 trading days)High
R004Large Sale After Recent AcquisitionCritical
R005Suspicious Timing Near EarningsCritical

View source result call_FNL94zaDRW5nbSwPWOVjYzZt

get_compliance_rules({})

[
  {
    "rule_id": "R003",
    "rule_name": "Unusual Sale Pattern (Rapid Trading)",
    "threshold_value": 3,
    "rule_type": "pattern",
    "severity": "Medium"
  },
  {
    "rule_id": "R006",
    "rule_name": "High Volume Spike vs. Own Baseline",
    "threshold_value": 150000,
    "rule_type": "volume_spike",
    "severity": "Medium"
  },
  {
    "rule_id": "R008",
    "rule_name": "Reported Rule 10b5-1 Plan (severity reducer)",
    "threshold_value": null,
    "rule_type": "exculpatory",
    "severity": "Low"
  },
  {
    "rule_id": "R009",
    "rule_name": "Tax-Withholding Disposition (Code F, severity reducer)",
    "threshold_value": null,
    "rule_type": "exculpatory",
    "severity": "Low"
  },
  {
    "rule_id": "R010",
    "rule_name": "Option Exercise (Code M, severity reducer)",
    "threshold_value": null,
    "rule_type": "exculpatory",
    "severity": "Low"
  },
  {
    "rule_id": "R001",
    "rule_name": "Single Trade Limit Exceeded",
    "threshold_value": null,
    "rule_type": "single_limit",
    "severity": "High"
  },
  {
    "rule_id": "R002",
    "rule_name": "Rolling 90-Day Volume Exceeded",
    "threshold_value": null,
    "rule_type": "rolling_90d_limit",
    "severity": "High"
  },
  {
    "rule_id": "R007",
    "rule_name": "Late Section 16(a) Filing (> 2 trading days)",
    "threshold_value": 2,
    "rule_type": "filing_lateness",
    "severity": "High"
  },
  {
    "rule_id": "R004",
    "rule_name": "Large Sale After Recent Acquisition",
    "threshold_value": null,
    "rule_type": "timing",
    "severity": "Critical"
  },
  {
    "rule_id": "R005",
    "rule_name": "Suspicious Timing Near Earnings",
    "threshold_value": 5,
    "rule_type": "timing",
    "severity": "Critical"
  }
]

Total traded in the 90 days before

Within the limit

Total: $10,000Rolling limit: $25,000,000

Window ending: Jun 12, 2025
Transactions counted: 1
Purchase: $10,000

View source result call_ii9RKicWbyKsF5ihS9iYEiXF

rolling_90d_trading_volume({"rptowner_cik":"9000000010","as_of_date":"2025-06-12"})

{
  "total_volume": 10000,
  "sales_volume": 0,
  "purchases_volume": 10000,
  "volume_by_code": {
    "P": 10000
  },
  "transaction_count": 1,
  "rptowner_cik": "9000000010",
  "window_end": "2025-06-12",
  "window_days": 90,
  "accession_numbers": [
    "SCENARIO-0000000001-25-000010"
  ]
}

Their own trading history

No history to compare

No earlier trades by this insider were found in the 180 days before this one, so there is nothing to compare it against.

View source result call_syHcFVNiX6HjmRfOWGelaRMH

insider_trading_baseline({"rptowner_cik":"9000000010","as_of_date":"2025-06-12"})

{
  "rptowner_cik": "9000000010",
  "as_of_date": "2025-06-12",
  "lookback_days": 180,
  "transaction_count": 0,
  "message": "No prior transactions found in this window"
}

Was news about to come out?

No blackout window

No scheduled blackout window covers Jun 12, 2025.

View source result call_zY6uvSwF6qu8IrRElisBE6JV

get_material_events({"issuer_cik":"0000320193","on_date":"2025-06-12"})

{
  "issuer_cik": "0000320193",
  "on_date": "2025-06-12",
  "in_blackout": false
}

Firm rules checked

R003Unusual Sale Pattern (Rapid Trading)Medium
R006High Volume Spike vs. Own BaselineMedium
R008Reported Rule 10b5-1 Plan (severity reducer)Low
R009Tax-Withholding Disposition (Code F, severity reducer)Low
R010Option Exercise (Code M, severity reducer)Low
R001Single Trade Limit ExceededHigh
R002Rolling 90-Day Volume ExceededHigh
R007Late Section 16(a) Filing (> 2 trading days)High
R004Large Sale After Recent AcquisitionCritical
R005Suspicious Timing Near EarningsCritical

View source result call_Fi1aVtuNrTUQFJuZSqPEznZ0

get_compliance_rules({})

[
  {
    "rule_id": "R003",
    "rule_name": "Unusual Sale Pattern (Rapid Trading)",
    "threshold_value": 3,
    "rule_type": "pattern",
    "severity": "Medium"
  },
  {
    "rule_id": "R006",
    "rule_name": "High Volume Spike vs. Own Baseline",
    "threshold_value": 150000,
    "rule_type": "volume_spike",
    "severity": "Medium"
  },
  {
    "rule_id": "R008",
    "rule_name": "Reported Rule 10b5-1 Plan (severity reducer)",
    "threshold_value": null,
    "rule_type": "exculpatory",
    "severity": "Low"
  },
  {
    "rule_id": "R009",
    "rule_name": "Tax-Withholding Disposition (Code F, severity reducer)",
    "threshold_value": null,
    "rule_type": "exculpatory",
    "severity": "Low"
  },
  {
    "rule_id": "R010",
    "rule_name": "Option Exercise (Code M, severity reducer)",
    "threshold_value": null,
    "rule_type": "exculpatory",
    "severity": "Low"
  },
  {
    "rule_id": "R001",
    "rule_name": "Single Trade Limit Exceeded",
    "threshold_value": null,
    "rule_type": "single_limit",
    "severity": "High"
  },
  {
    "rule_id": "R002",
    "rule_name": "Rolling 90-Day Volume Exceeded",
    "threshold_value": null,
    "rule_type": "rolling_90d_limit",
    "severity": "High"
  },
  {
    "rule_id": "R007",
    "rule_name": "Late Section 16(a) Filing (> 2 trading days)",
    "threshold_value": 2,
    "rule_type": "filing_lateness",
    "severity": "High"
  },
  {
    "rule_id": "R004",
    "rule_name": "Large Sale After Recent Acquisition",
    "threshold_value": null,
    "rule_type": "timing",
    "severity": "Critical"
  },
  {
    "rule_id": "R005",
    "rule_name": "Suspicious Timing Near Earnings",
    "threshold_value": 5,
    "rule_type": "timing",
    "severity": "Critical"
  }
]

Finding

ClearConfidence: high10b5-1 status: not established

The investigation into SEC Form 4 filing SCENARIO-0000000001-25-000010 reveals no violations of insider trading rules. The insider, SCENARIO OWNER TEN, reported a purchase of 500 shares for $10,000, which is well within the single trade limit of $5,000,000 and the rolling 90-day limit of $25,000,000 for a Ten Percent Owner. There are no indications of unusual trading patterns or volume spikes, and no blackout periods were in effect at the time of the transaction. Therefore, the transaction is compliant with all applicable rules.

Exculpatory factors

below all thresholds (transaction 1)

Grounding: 8/11 claims supported, confidence: low, 3 unsupported. Unverified claims remain: human review required

Claims check

The investigation into SEC Form 4 filing SCENARIO-0000000001-25-000010 reveals no violations of insider trading rules.
The claim cites no tool call, so it is unsupported.
Cites no evidence
The insider, SCENARIO OWNER TEN, reported a purchase of 500 shares for $10,000.
The tool result confirms the insider's name, the number of shares, and the transaction value.
call_NjIjZI4y64D4apk5sPnnV1mR
The single trade limit for a Ten Percent Owner is $5,000,000.
The tool result specifies the single trade limit for a Ten Percent Owner as $5,000,000.
call_7qITUrq8kILqkhWLzAS26qlB
The rolling 90-day limit for a Ten Percent Owner is $25,000,000.
The tool result specifies the rolling 90-day limit for a Ten Percent Owner as $25,000,000.
call_7qITUrq8kILqkhWLzAS26qlB
There are no indications of unusual trading patterns or volume spikes.
The tool result lists compliance rules but does not provide evidence of no unusual trading patterns or volume spikes.
call_FNL94zaDRW5nbSwPWOVjYzZt
No blackout periods were in effect at the time of the transaction.
The tool result indicates that no blackout periods were in effect on the transaction date.
call_zY6uvSwF6qu8IrRElisBE6JV
The transaction is compliant with all applicable rules.
The claim cites no tool call, so it is unsupported.
Cites no evidence
The transaction occurred on June 12, 2025.
The tool result confirms the transaction date as June 12, 2025.
call_NjIjZI4y64D4apk5sPnnV1mR
The transaction was reported under the code 'P'.
The tool result confirms the transaction was reported under the code 'P'.
call_NjIjZI4y64D4apk5sPnnV1mR
The transaction value was $10,000.
The tool result confirms the transaction value was $10,000.
call_NjIjZI4y64D4apk5sPnnV1mR
The number of shares purchased was 500.
The tool result confirms the number of shares purchased was 500.
call_NjIjZI4y64D4apk5sPnnV1mR

Process audit

Checked in code, with no AI judgement. It records how the investigation worked; it never changes the finding.

Required evidence gathered
Every required tool was called.
6 of 6 tools
Transaction details first
The first call was get_transaction_details.
Yes
Citations all real
Some claims cite no evidence at all.
Problem
Exemptions supported
The finding claims no exemption.
None claimed

Run this case yourself

Starts a new live investigation on this filing. It uses the server's model credits, and the result will differ a little from the recorded run.

Re-run this case live

Reasons for concern

What could explain it

Answer key

AI investigator

What the safeguards reported

What decides this case

The trade as filed

What this role may trade

What this role may trade

Other evidence reviewed

Firm rules checked

Total traded in the 90 days before

Their own trading history

Was news about to come out?

Firm rules checked

FindingThe investigation's outcome. Clear means nothing to follow up, flag means an analyst should look, escalate means it needs urgent review.

Exculpatory factorsA fact from the filing that explains a trade innocently, such as tax withholding or an option exercise. Each one applies to a single transaction line, never to the whole filing.

Claims checkOne factual sentence pulled out of the draft so it can be checked on its own.

Process auditA check, done in code, of how the investigation got to its finding: whether it gathered all the evidence, cited only real tool calls and claimed only supported exemptions.

Run this case yourself

Finding

Exculpatory factors

Claims check

Process audit